DRUG | SUPPLIED | DOSE | COMMENTS |
---|---|---|---|
AMINOPHYLLINE (Paeds) (theophylline ethylene diamine) Mechanism of action: Bronchodilator; nonselective adenosine receptor antagonist and phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Ref: 1, 44 Last update: 2018-05-13 |
Injection: 25 mg/mL |
See also theophylline monograph. Bronchodilator: IV loading dose: 6 mg/kg IV over 20 min. Reduce dose by 50% if patient has had theophylline in previous 24 hr. IV Infusions: 6 wk to 6 mo: 0.5 mg/kg/hr 6 to 12 mo: 0.6 to 0.7 mg/kg/hr 1 to 9 yr: 1 to 1.2 mg/kg/hr 9 to 12 yr & adult smokers: 0.9 mg/kg/hr. 12 to 16 yr & non-smoking adults: 0.7 mg/kg/hr. Dosage must be adjusted using levels: Monitor levels to determine dosing: 30 min following loading dose & 6 hrs after start of infusion then q24 hrs |
Aminophylline contains 80% theophylline; to convert to oral theophylline: multiply aminophylline dose in mg/24 hr by 0.8 = theophylline daily dose Use ideal body weight for all dose calculations. Target serum theophylline level is 55-110 μmol/L for bronchodilation. For loading doses, each 1.25 mg/kg of aminophylline raises the serum theophylline level approximately 11 umol/L Side Effects: restlessness, GI upset, dysrhythmias, seizures, shock Theophylline levels increase with allopurinol, fluvoxamine, isoniazide, macrolide antibiotics (e.g. erythromycin), quinolones antibiotics (e.g. ciprofloxacin) Theophylline levels decrease with carbamazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, isoproterenol. See C&W Guidelines for Theophylline. Standard Prescription: aminophylline__mg/kg/hr IV infusion |